text: Stanciu Diana
illustration: Radoaica Cristina
I think many of us have heard of Romanian scientists such as Nicolae Paulescu, the inventor of insulin, Henri Coandă, considered the father of the jet plane, George Emil Palade, doctor and scientist who won the Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine, and other examples, but this is not the topic of today's article. However, the question arises: "What do these personalities have in common, apart from the fact that they are all scientists?". Question that I will allow myself to answer: The previously mentioned scientists are all men.
Of course, in our country, as in other countries, scientists are not only men, but also women. This is also the subject of today's article: Romanian women in science.
This is definitely not a top, and the order is random:
Ana Aslan
Doctor, teacher, academician, scientist and inventor who founded in 1952 the first Institute of Geriatrics in the world, in Bucharest. He highlighted the importance of procaine in ameliorating age-related dystrophic disorders, applying it widely in the geriatric clinic under the name Gerovital.
Procaine is a local anesthetic initially used in dentistry, being marketed under the name novocaine.
Ana Aslan invented (in collaboration with pharmacist Elena Polovrăgeanu) the geriatric product Aslavital, patented and introduced into industrial production in 1980.
Eliza Leonida Zamfirescu
An engineer and inventor from Romania, head of the laboratories of the Geological Institute of Romania. She was a member of the General Association of Romanian Engineers and a member of the International Association of University Women, unanimously recognized as the first female engineer in the world. He made a special contribution to the progress of the national economy and to the affirmation of Romanian science, through his original works, presented at congresses, symposia and published. Here he was concerned with the analysis of drinking water, various minerals, oil, gas, coal, solid bituminides, construction rocks and the preparation of ores, signing 85,000 analysis bulletins, the results of which were published in the "Economic Studies" series, edited by Geological Institute. His contribution to the research of Romania's mineral wealth ensures him a place of honor in the gallery of the great figures of national, European and world science.
Maria Teohari
She was the first female astronomer in Romania. After a short internship in the Capital, he followed specializations at the astronomical observatories in Paris and Nice. He worked mainly on observations of the Sun, but without wearing eye protection. He returned to the country in 1914 and worked for a long time at the Bucharest Astronomical Observatory. He published, in the Observatory's Yearbook, papers on sunspots and other celestial phenomena. He also published, in the "Natura" magazine, articles for the promotion of astronomy. After a few years, his sight began to fail, forcing him to give up astronomical research. He taught mathematics and astronomy at the "Domnița Ileana" High School in Bucharest, continuing a collaboration with the Observatory.
Sofia Ionescu
She stood out in the field of medicine, being the first female doctor to perform brain surgery. The event took place in 1944 and was a successful intervention on a child who had been a victim of bombing during the war.
Florica Bagdasar
She was a doctor and researcher in child psychology, also the first female minister in Romania.
These are just some of the Romanian women with achievements in the field of science, there are also names to be mentioned such as: Aurora Gruescu, considered the first female forestry engineer, Silvia Creangă, mathematician, university professor and rector of the University "Al. I. Cuza" from Iasi, Ștefania Mărăcineanu, internationally recognized Romanian chemist and physicist, but they are neither the last nor the last.
As a conclusion, I am of the opinion that female scientists, but also those active in other fields, from Romania deserve more visibility and more credits compared to those granted at the moment.
SOURCES:
http://mast-education.eu/files/brochure_22_romanian_scientists_ro.pdf
https://www.gandul.ro/magazin/25-de-romance-care-au-schimbat-lumea-16191040
https://mindcraftstories.ro/stiinta/8-femei-de-stiinta-remarcabile-din-romania-si-povestile-lor/
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